Glossary · Concepts & rules
CPT (Curricular Practical Training)
F-1 work authorization tied to a specific course requirement or internship — granted by the school, not USCIS.
CPT lets F-1 students work as part of their academic program. Granted by the school's DSO (designated school official) on Form I-20. Tied to a specific employer + role. Two key rules: (1) must be 'integral to the established curriculum' (so legitimate programs require enrollment for ≥1 academic year before CPT becomes available, in most cases), and (2) more than 12 months of full-time CPT eliminates eligibility for OPT.
Related terms
F-1
Academic-student visa. Allows study + limited work via OPT and CPT.
OPT (Optional Practical Training)
12 months of post-completion work authorization on F-1, granted by USCIS via I-765.
Day-1 CPT
F-1 graduate programs that authorize CPT (work) from the first day of enrollment. Heavily scrutinized; many flagged by ICE/SEVP.
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